As a municipal employee or business owner, sometime you may be recruited to help coordinate emergency recovery efforts in the wake of a natural or manmade disaster. At that time, one of the most important undertakings will be to educate the populace in ways to create a healthy drinking water supply. Although people have been advised that they should have a supply of bottled water for emergency situations, most will not have done as they should have. It may be up to you to help them create safe water which doesn’t have any contaminants by using some sort of emergency water filter.
In order to be ready to teach others, you must first learn some basic processes to use to filter contaminated water for general use. Ideally, people will have a way to boil their water. Boiling eliminates bacteria and other organisms that can cause disease. After boiling, water can be run through a clean cloth or coffee filter, both of which make excellent emergency water filters that will eradicate particulates. However, if there is a widespread power outage, boiling water may not be an option.
Cleaning water without boiling it can be trickier. To do so people should combine both settling and filtering. If water looks cloudy and has a funny color, these methods can lessen the contaminants it contains to safe levels. Letting water sit while heavier particles settle to the bottom is a great way to get rid of the bigger contaminants. Follow this settling process up by straining the water through an emergency water filter created from a clean cloth attached to the top of a large container. The water may have to be filtered more than once and then allowed to settle one more time before being safe enough to ingest.
Another safety precaution can be treating the water that has been process through a portable water purification system with chemicals in a way that will disinfect it further. Using 8 drops of household bleach (unscented if possible) per gallon of filtered water, stir well and leave the mixture to sit for a minimum of 30 minutes before use. If the water seems flat as a result of all of this processing, it can be poured from container to container a few times in order to aerate it again.
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